Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation involves infusing healthy bone marrow or blood-forming stem cells from a donor into the patient, similar to a blood transfusion.

Oral mucositis often happens during cancer treatment. Chemotherapy suppresses rapidly dividing oral mucosal cells, causing damage, redness, and ulcers.

White blood cells (WBCs) are the body's primary defense system against infection. A normal WBC count ranges between 4,000 and 10,000/μL. When the WBC count drops below 4,000/μL, it is referred to as leukopenia (low white blood cell count).

Platelets play a critical role in blood coagulation, helping the body form clots to stop bleeding. A normal platelet count ranges between 130,000 and 400,000/mm³. A count below 100,000/mm³ is termed thrombocytopenia. If the count falls below 50,000/mm³, bleeding occurs more easily. A count below 20,000/mm³ carries a risk of spontaneous bleeding.

During cancer treatment, a patient's immune system is often suppressed. Diarrhea or constipation caused by chemotherapy and radiation therapy can easily irritate the anal and perineal areas. Because this region has many skin folds, it is prone to trapping dirt and moisture, creating an ideal environment for bacterial growth.

Red blood cells (RBCs) are responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body and exchanging gases with tissue cells to meet energy demands. Anemia occurs when the number of RBCs or hemoglobin (Hb) levels fall below the normal range (14–18 g/dL for men and 12–16 g/dL for women). Cancer patients frequently experience anemia because the disease itself, as well as treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and bone marrow transplantation, suppress bone marrow function.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) develops when the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become progressively narrowed by cholesterol plaques, inflammatory cells, and calcium deposits.

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is what we commonly call the “bad” cholesterol. It deposits in the artery walls and gradually forms atherosclerotic plaques, making it the principal driver of myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease.

​ERAS Program (also known as Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) is a care model that helps you recover faster and better after surgery. This program changes the traditional surgical care strategy on the basis of empirical medicine, which minimizes the physical injury and psychological stress brought by the surgery, and thereby reduces the risk of inpatient days from post-surgical complications and achieves the goal of faster recovery.

Pain is one of the five major vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, body temperature, and pain).