衛教資訊
Acute Hepatitis 急性肝炎(英文)

Acute Hepatitis 急性肝炎(英文)
2021/1/4
Acute hepatitis refers to the process of acute injury and necrosis affecting the liver parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells. Common and rare causes that lead to acute hepatitis are as follows:
- Infectious Hepatitis: Types of viral hepatitis account for the majority of acute hepatitis in Asia. These types of viral hepatitis include the acute courses of HAV, HBV/HDV, HCV, and HEV infections. Hepatitis B and hepatitis A are typically the most common that need to be excluded timely in most cases. Rare causes include EB virus, CMV, HIV, Herpes, Rickettsia, and Syphilis.
- Hepatitis caused by medications and toxins: Common medications include anti-tuberculosis drugs, antifungal agents, anticonvulsants, herbal medicine, acetaminophen, and organic solvents.
- Alcoholic hepatitis: Alcoholic hepatitis can also present with features of acute hepatitis.
- Cholestasis: acute hepatitis caused by biliary tree obstruction (for example, bile duct stones) is also commonly seen here in Taiwan.
- Liver forms of autoimmune diseases: These autoimmune diseases include autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)…etc.
- Vascular causes of hepatitis: Ischemic conditions such as shock and hypoxia; congestive diseases such as Budd-Chiari syndrome, veno-occlusive diseases, and congestive heart failure.
- Genetic and metabolic types of hepatitis: Examples are Wilson’s disease, hemochromatosis, and α1-antitrypsin deficiency.
Clinical Features
- Initially, patients suffer fatigue, and poor appetite. In serious cases, patients present with tea-colored urine, and yellowish sclera and skin.
Diagnosis
- History taking and physical examination: Thorough medical history needs to be reviewed through queries on types of viral hepatitis, alcohol drinks, medication history, travels, occupation, family history, and sex. Physical examinations identify jaundice, etc.
- Biochemical tests of blood sample: Levels of AST/ALT, total/direct forms of bilirubin, γ-GT, Alk-P, albumin, and prothrombin time assist in the differential diagnosis.
- Viral serology: Mandatory tests of viral antigens and antibodies include HBsAg, anti-HBc IgM, anti-HAV IgM, and anti-HCV Ab.
- Image scans: Abdominal ultrasound can be applied to exclude conditions, such as cirrhosis or bile duct obstruction.
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電話:(04) 22052121 分機 2264
HE-10189-E
電話:(04) 22052121 分機 2264
HE-10189-E
中國醫藥大學附設醫院暨體系院所