腰圍過大:男性 >90 cm ,女性 >80 cm (腹型肥胖) |
血壓過高:收縮壓 >130 mmHg 或 舒張壓 >85 mmHg 或有服降血壓藥物者 |
高密度脂蛋白過低:男性 <40 mg/dl,女性 <50 mg/dl |
空腹血糖值過高:>100 mg/dl 或有服降血糖藥物者 |
三酸甘油酯過高:>150 mg/dl |
- 腹型肥胖
- 致動脈硬化的不良血脂症
- 血壓上升
- 胰島素阻抗 常合併有「葡萄糖耐量不全」
- 易發生血栓狀態
- 易發炎狀態
限制熱量 | 攝取熱量不要過剩。限制口慾,原則上飲食七、八分飽即可 | |
運動 |
|
理學檢查 | ||
生化檢查 | 多項血糖、糖化血紅素、血脂、serum ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP) | |
心血管檢查 | 心電圖、超音波、ABI | |
眼科照會 | 視力和眼底檢查 | |
聽力檢查 | Hearing (1000 Hz & 4000 Hz) examination | |
肝功能檢查 | 包括 γ-GT, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 等之檢查 | |
腎功能與尿液檢查 | ||
葡萄糖耐受性檢查 | ||
營養諮詢 | Nutrition Examination | |
運動諮詢 | ||
用藥諮詢 | ||
禁菸計畫 | ||
基因檢測與遺傳諮詢 | A family history of hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, and diabetes mellitus can increase the patient's risk of developing metabolic syndrome |
Iwanaga S., el. Comparison of serum ferritin and oxidative stress biomarkers between Japanese workers with and without metabolic syndrome. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2014 May-Jun;8(3):e201-98. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2013.01.003.
Kim EY, et al. Aminotransferase levels as a prospective predictor for the development of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2014 May 13.
Liu X, et al. Circulating alanine transaminase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), but not fetuin-A, are associated with metabolic risk factors, at baseline and at two-year follow-up: the prospective Cyprus Metabolism Study.Metabolism. 2014 Jun;63(6):773-82. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.03.008. Epub 2014 Mar 15.
Fernández-Bergés D, et al. Metabolic and Inflammatory Profiles of Biomarkers in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Diabetes in a Mediterranean Population. DARIOS Inflammatory Study. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2014 Apr 2. pii: S0300-8932(14)00042-6. doi: 10.1016/j.recesp.2013.10.021.